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Army rules out iraqi weapons { August 7 2003 }

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Copyright © 2003 The International Herald Tribune | www.iht.com

Iraqi arms doubted in GI sickness
Lawrence K. Altman NYT
Thursday, August 7, 2003

100 pneumonia cases still puzzle the army

The U.S. Army is fairly close to ruling out biological or chemical weapons as the source of a puzzling spate of pneumonia cases among troops in Iraq and other countries in the war region, according to Pentagon officials. From March 1 through July 30, about 100 cases of pneumonia were reported among all U.S. troops deployed in the region, the officials said Tuesday, and doctors have not been able to determine the cause of the disease in most of them.

In 15 of the cases, the pneumonia was severe enough to require attaching the patients to mechanical respirators. Ten of those cases occurred in Iraq, where most troops are deployed; the others occurred in Kuwait, Qatar and Uzbekistan.

Two have died. Both served in Iraq, and one died there. The other died after being taken to Germany. The army has assigned two teams of medical investigators to determine the cause of the pneumonia. Epidemiologists are focusing on environmental factors like dust and dehydration because they have ruled out SARS, Legionnaires' disease, anthrax, smallpox and other infectious agents as a cause of the illness.

Colonel Bob DeFraites, the army's chief of preventive medicine, said at a news conference in Washington on Tuesday that he was "pretty close to ruling out" biological or chemical weapons as a source.

Military officials said the number of cases and deaths was about usual for the size of the population involved. But despite the small numbers, they said, they were concerned about the serious cases and the number of deaths.

About three deaths from pneumonia occur on average among all army troops each year, DeFraites said, "so two occurring in one area of the world in about a month was enough to cause us concern" and to lead to an epidemiologic investigation. DeFraites said he was constrained from disclosing the total number of troops deployed in the region by military security.

One of the most puzzling aspects of the pneumonia is the sporadic nature of the cases and the lack of a discernible pattern of transmission.

"No two of the cases share any common unit or exact day or time," DeFraites said, and there is no evidence that it was spread person to person.

Fourteen of the patients were soldiers and one was a marine. Two cases occurred in March, two in April, one in May, six in June and four in July, he said. One of the two deaths occurred in June, the other in July. Full autopsy reports are expected in about 10 days.

The New York Times

Copyright © 2003 The International Herald Tribune





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